Richard I’s legacy as a masculine figure continued long after his death in 1199. The romanticized image of Richard as the ideal medieval hero—brave, noble, and chivalrous—became a touchstone for later generations. His life and actions during the Crusades helped establish the templa

While Richard’s image as a warrior king is well-established, his reign also reveals a deeper tension between the warrior ideal and the responsibilities of kingship. Richard spent much of his reign abroad, leading military campaigns in the Holy Land and in France, rather than governing his king

Richard I of England, often referred to as "Richard the Lionheart" (Richard Cœur de Lion), is one of the most iconic figures in medieval history. Born in 1157, Richard became king of England in 1189 after the death of his father, Henry II. His reign, although short, was marked by his

Although the concept of feminism did not exist in the medieval period, the Wife of Bath can be seen as a proto-feminist figure who defies the limitations placed on women in her time. Her boldness, her sexual autonomy, and her rejection of the passive, submissive role prescribed for women make her a